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Home My WebLink About07.b. Receive update on Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) Page 1 of 10 Item 7.b. k�*k CENTRAL SAN CENTRAL CONTRA COSTA SANITARY DISTRICT October 17, 2019 TO: HONORABLE BOARD OF DIRECTORS FROM: MELODY LABELLA, RESOURCE RECOVERY PROGRAM MANAGER REVIEWED BY: JEAN-MARC PETIT, DIRECTOR OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNICAL SERVICES ROGER S. BAILEY GENERAL MANAGER SUBJECT: RECEIVE UPDATE ON PER-AND POLYFLUOROALKYL SUBSTANCES (PFAS) Staff will review the attached presentation on P FAS at the October 17, 2019, Board meeting. This presentation was previously reviewed at the September 16, 2019, Real Estate, Environmental & Planning Committee meeting and the Committee's feedback has been incorporated. ATTACHMENTS: 1. Presentation October 17, 2019 Regular Board Meeting Agenda Packet- Page 67 of 82 Page 2 of 10 p� �e UPDATE O N PER- AND POLYFLUOROALKYL �- SUBSTANCES (PFAS) Melody LaBella, P.E. Resource Recovery Program Manager .; Board Meeting October 17, 2019 PRESENTATION OVERVIEW What are PFAS & Why the Concern? Sources to the Water Environment Common Uses 2016 Regional Monitoring Program Study Drinking Water Notification and Response Levels State Board's Phased Investigation Plan Legislation Potential Impacts to Our Industry Next Steps for Central San Questions October 17, 2019 Regular Board Meeting Agenda Packet- Page 68 of 82 1 Page 3 of 10 WHAT ARE PFAS? PFAS are a broad class of fluorine-rich, specialty chemicals that have been manufactured and used in a variety of industries around the globe, including in the United States, since the 1940s. Some possess thermal stability, non-reactivity, and surfactant properties. The carbon-fluorine bonds are some of the strongest known to science, which means PFAS show extremely high persistence. CF.NTPAt.SAN r 3 WHY THE CONCERN? Well-studied perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) have been shown to be highly toxic. ' Other PFAS have received little to no testing, but their structural similarities suggest they are likely to trigger similar concerns for human and ecological health. ' PFAS have been linked to increased cancer risk, elevated cholesterol levels, and decreased fertility. 2 PFAS are being found in drinking water supplies. i Sedlak, M.,Sutton R.,Wong A.,Lin, Diana.2018. Per and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances(PFASs)in San Francisco Bay:Synthesis and Strategy.RMP Contribution No.867.San Francisco Estuary Institute, Richmond CA. z US Department of Health and Human Services,Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry.2018."Draft Toxicological Profile for Perfluoroalkyls." . d�� !�, CFNTPAL SAN October 17, 2019 Regular Board Meeting Agenda Packet- Page 69 of 82 2 Page 4 of 10 WHY THE CONCERN? Nearly 5,000 PFAS are used in consumer, commercial, and industrial applications. Including personal care products and 400 food packaging �--- aheo th ••BVI TV m•. . q Denmark just became the first country to ban PFAS 'forever chemicals' from food packaging By—ice,CHH O Wee+ee o:as wn er,vbe�.,a;'--a.zms CF.NTPAt.SAN r S SOURCES OF PFAS TO THE WATER ENVIRONMENT Military bases and airports Due to aqueous film-forming foams used for fire fighting r PFAS production facilities Air deposition Landfills �:. . Treated wastewater effluent �� . CFNTPAL SAN October 17, 2019 Regular Board Meeting Agenda Packet- Page 70 of 82 3 Page 5 of 10 COMMON USES i- 7 CENTPAL SAN 2016 REGIONAL MONITORING PROGRAM STUDY BY SAN FRANCISCO ESTUARY INSTITUTE 50 40 a c 30 0 v 20 u a U 10 0 161, Q4� Q4 ■Palo Alto 0 SJ/Santa Clara ❑EBMUD ❑EBDA i Central Contra Costa BSan Mateo ~■■ ■' 8 CFNTPAL SAN October 17, 2019 Regular Board Meeting Agenda Packet- Page 71 of 82 4 Page 6 of 10 1 part per trillion (ppt) ' 04 IS EQUIVALENT TO A SINGLE DROP OF WATER IN `i 20 olympit-sized swimming pools CALIFORNIA DRINKING WATER NOTIFICATION AND RESPONSE LEVELS In August 2019, the Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (OEHHA) recommended notification levels (NLs) for PFOA and PFOS be set at the lowest reliable detection limit in drinking water to protect against cancer and non-cancer effects. The State Water Resources Control Board (State Board) Division of Drinking Water matched OEHHAs recommendations. NLs of 6.5 parts per trillion (ppt) for PFOS and 5.1 ppt for PFOA Response level at 70 ppt (discontinue source or provide treatment) r _ Am October 17, 2019 Regular Board Meeting Agenda Packet- Page 72 of 82 5 Page 7 of 10 STATE BOARD'S PHASED INVESTIGATION PLAN Phase I involves over 1 ,500 airports, landfills, and drinking water wells across the state. Phase II will cover refineries, bulk terminals, non- airport fire training areas, and urban fire areas. Phase III will cover secondary manufacturers, wastewater treatment plants, and domestic wells. v. r 11 CF.NTPAt.SAN STATE LEGISLATION AB 756 (Garcia): Public Water Systems PFAS, signed into law on July 31 , 2019 and effective on January 1 , 2020, expands the State Board's authority to order public water systems to monitor for PFAS. If any such monitoring results in a confirmed PFAS detection, the water system must report it in its annual consumer confidence report. If detected levels of PFAS exceed the 70 ppt response level, the water system must take the water source out of use or provide public notification within 30 days of the confirmed detection. w. •Sr ... `12 October 17, 2019 Regular Board Meeting Agenda Packet- Page 73 of 82 6 Page 8 of 10 FEDERAL LEGISLATION National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) • S. 1790 (Inhofe): passed Senate in June 2019 • HR. 2500 (Smith): passed House in July 2019 House did not go through regular order and consider PFAS legislation in Committee. Several significant PFAS provisions were added as amendments to the House's NDAA bill just before it was voted on and passed. rt r 13 =DERAL LEGISLATION Two HR. 2500 amendments are of concern to wastewater: One amendment would add all PFAS to the Clean Water Act (CWA) toxic pollutants list and require EPA to develop CWA effluent limitations and pretreatment standards for PFAS by January 1 , 2022. The other amendment would trigger liability for all PFAS chemicals under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act as hazardous substances, which could create liability for POTWs that receive PFAS- containing influent and ultimately dispose of PFAS-containing biosolids. October 17, 2019 Regular Board Meeting Agenda Packet- Page 74 of 82 Page 9 of 10 POTENTIAL IMPACTS TO OUR INDUSTRY Potable reuse Biosolids disposal Land application or landfill Future regulations (?) Negligible removal of PFAS through conventional wastewater treatment Revere osmosis (RO) is effective at removal, but concentrates PFAS in the RO membrane reject PFAS thermal destruction range = 600 to 3,600 T Y f t CFNTPAt.SAN ry= NEXT b EPS FOR CENTRAL SAN Supporting CASA's efforts to work with the State Board to help shape the Phase III investigation plan for wastewater treatment plants Potential participation in Water Research Foundation's studies on the fate and transport of PFAS through wastewater treatment and sewage sludge incineration Learning more about PFAS rNMIT.-MT M, October 17, 2019 Regular Board Meeting Agenda Packet- Page 75 of 82 8 Page 10 of 10 CENTRAL SAN'S PFAS TASK FORCE Engineering Regulatory Communications/ • Jean-Marc Petit • Lori Schectel Legislation • Melody LaBella Lab Emily Barnett • Dan Frost • Mary Lou Esparza Pretreatment • Colleen Henry • Jeff Skinner Air • Randy Schmidt • Rita Cheng QUESTIONS? i� �•18 CFNTPAL SAN October 17, 2019 Regular Board Meeting Agenda Packet- Page 76 of 82 9