HomeMy WebLinkAbout03. Presentation from John Bartel on pension issuesE3 I- E L CENTRAL CONTRA COSTA SANITATION DISTRICT
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Pension Issues
Presented by John E. Bartel, President
Bartel Associates, LLC
June 17, 2014
is
Agenda
CCCERA Compared to Ca1PERS 1
Is one system safer, cheaper, etc. than the other?
Pension Benefits
3
Ability to negotiate or change benefits 4
Defined Benefit versus Defined Contribution 7
Major risks for each?
Who assumes risk?
Cost if target benefit at retirement is the same?
Benefit at retirement if cost (annual contribution) is the same?
o B
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r CCCERA COMPARED TO CALPERS
■ Cost for any retirement system
Contributions — Benefit Payments + Expenses Investment Return
• Contribution policy can result in short term volatility
• Ultimately, if benefits are the same then Investment Return - Expenses
drives plan cost
(B A)June 17, 2014
CCCERA COMPARED TO CALPERS
Investment Return (Net of Expenses)
30.0 °0
I
20.0%
10.0%
0.0%
-
-100%, — —
-20.0%. CCCERA (12.31)
CAIPERS(6 30)
-3000o
(B'AD
June 17, 2014
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CURRENT BENEFITS
��A� June 17, 2014
cCC �1
ABILITY TO NEGOTIATE OR CHANGE BENEFITS
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■ Current Employees:I
• California Supreme Court has ruled that pension benefits are individual
vested right....this means Board cannot unilaterally or negotiate lower
future benefit accruals unless each employee is given something of equal
or greater value
• Could negotiate to allow employees to opt into lower future accruals but:
❑ Negotiations would be very difficult and
❑ IRS has refused to rule on this when asked to do so through the
private letter ruling process
This is a legal issue and since Bartel Associates is not a law firm we strongly suggest the
(B*
4
17, 2014
A S
Tier 1
Tier 2
Tier 3
Post 1/1/2011
PEPRA
Membership
Pre 1/1/2011
Pre 1/1/2013
Post 1/1/2013
• Formula
• 55
2.00%
2.00%
1.3%
0 62
• 67
2.37%
2.42%
2.37%
2.42%
2.0%
2.5%
• Benefit Cap
100% Comp.
100% Comp
None
60%
60%
• Post Retirement Survivor
60%
Allowance
Continuance
Continuance
Continuance
3%
3%
3%
• Cost of Living Adjustment
• Final Average Salary
12 months
12 months
36 months
• Terminal Pay
• Pensionable Wages Cap
Unlimited
No ca
wear
No Cap
None
2014 $138,077
IN Social Securi
None
None
None
��A� June 17, 2014
cCC �1
ABILITY TO NEGOTIATE OR CHANGE BENEFITS
r�
■ Current Employees:I
• California Supreme Court has ruled that pension benefits are individual
vested right....this means Board cannot unilaterally or negotiate lower
future benefit accruals unless each employee is given something of equal
or greater value
• Could negotiate to allow employees to opt into lower future accruals but:
❑ Negotiations would be very difficult and
❑ IRS has refused to rule on this when asked to do so through the
private letter ruling process
This is a legal issue and since Bartel Associates is not a law firm we strongly suggest the
(B*
4
17, 2014
A S
F ABILITY TO NEGOTIATE OR CHANGE BENEFITS I 1 :1
■ Future Employees
• PEPRA members:
❑ Member on or after 1/1/13
❑ Much lower benefit formula (2% @ 62)
❑ Cap on salaries used to determine benefit
❑ Membership before 1/1/13 but hired on or after 1/1/13
❑ Same benefit as those hired before 1/1/13
❑ Limits on compensation that can be used to determine benefit
(L/-jl
June 17, 2014
5
ABILITY TO NEGOTIATE OR CHANGE BENEFITS
r S
• Could negotiate to provide lower benefits to future hires
Tier 12 Tier 23 Tier 34
❑ Employer Normal Cost 21.23% 18.79% 10.92%
❑ Member Contribution Rate 11.25 11.25 11.00
❑ Total Normal Cost 32.48 30.05 21.92
❑ Percent of current workforce 77% 21% 2%
❑ Likely requires legislation to provide lower benefits for future
PEPRA members
❑ Likely requires legislation to provide lower benefits for future hires
that are not PEPRA members. This group will make up a decreasing
portion of new hires (Likely decreasing to approximately 0% in
about 20 years)
O Would have no impact on Unfunded Liability
2 Became member before January 1, 2011.
3 Became member between January 1, 2011 and January 1, 2013.
° Became member on or after January 1, 2013.
BA June 17, 2014 6 '
DEFINED BENEFIT VERSUS DEFINED CONTRIBUTION
Defined Contribution
Defined Benefit
Plan
Plan
Nature of Promise
Can vary from year to
% of base pay each year
Annuity, beginning at
into employee's account.
retirement, payable for as
Can vary from year to
Employer
long as employee lives.
year
Retirement Benefit
the next — "Whatever is
Level
Necessa "
Whatever account
Benefit Formula
balance at retirement can
Employee
% of Final Average
provide
promise does employee
Compensation based on
Always 100%
"own " ?)
agency service and
Employer
benefit factor
(EA) June 17, 2014
DEFINED BENEFIT VERSUS DEFINED CONTRIBUTION
Defined Contribution
Defined Benefit
Plan
Plan
Contribution Level
Can vary from year to
Employee
Usually set by statute but
year
can be negotiated
Can vary from year to
Employer
Varies from one year to
year
the next — "Whatever is
Necessa "
Vesting
(How much of the
Employee
Employee
Contributions
promise does employee
Contributions
Always 100%
"own " ?)
Always 100%
Employer
Retirement Benefit
Contributions
Typically 100% after 5 or
Typically 100% after 5 or
10 years.
10 years.
A 1' June 17, 2014 AML
DEFINED BENEFIT VERSUS DEFINED CONTRIBUTION
i
Defined Contribution
Plan
Defined Benefit
Plan
Plan
Portability
Plan
Retirement
Very Portable
Generally Very Portable
Employee takes vested
Employee chooses
account balance with
between
them when leaving.
1. deferred retirement
Significant tax
benefit (benefit earned
disadvantage for amounts
while at District,
distributed and not
protected by "salary"
"rolled over" < age 59%2.
inflation if working for
Who Accepts
most CA public
Risk & Reward
agencies) or
Employee
Investment Return
2. accumulated employee
Employee
Mortality
contributions with
Employee
Retirement
interest
(B'
1" June 17. 2014
cC S
DEFINED BENEFIT VERSUS DEFINED CONTRIBUTION
1
Defined Contribution
Defined Benefit
Plan
Plan
Pre - retirement - Same as
Death
Pre - retirement —
retirement, except
Employee contribution
employer contributions
with interest
become 100% vested at
Post - retirement —
death
Employee can elect
lower benefit to
provide survivor
continuance
Who Accepts
Risk & Reward
Employee
Investment Return
Employer
Employee
Mortality
Employer
Employee
Retirement
Employer
Employee
I Inflation
Employer
(B*
�ll
June 17, 2014
to
cCC
DEFINED BENEFIT VERSUS DEFINED CONTRIBUTION
i
■ Studies consistently show defined contribution plans earn 1 to 2 percentage
points less (net of expenses) than defined benefit plans
• DC plan investments tend to be more conservative
• DC plan expenses tend to be higher as a percentage of assets
■ For individual to be certain they get benefit for life they must:
• buy an annuity
• accumulate more than is necessary on average or
• run the risk of outliving balance
('B
June 17. 2014
COST IF TARGET BENEFIT AT RETIREMENT IS THE SAME
■ If target is to replace 60% of earnings at age 65 retirement
• DB plan does this with 13% of pay (7% assumed earnings)
• DC plan does this with 18% of pay (6% assumed earnings)
• DC plan does this with 21% of pay (5% assumed earnings)
BAJune 17, 2014 1
BENEFIT AT RETIREMENT IF CONTRIBUTION IS THE SAME
■ If contribution each year is 10% of earnings the benefit for age 65 retirement
• DB plan gets to 50% of pay replacement (7% assumed earnings)
• DC plan gets to 35% of pay replacement (7% assumed earnings)
• DC plan gets to 30% of pay replacement (7% assumed earnings)
(SA-)
June 17, 2014
13
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