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HomeMy WebLinkAbout08.a. (Handout) Benvenue8.a. June 7 2012 4 Dear Honorable James A. Nejedly and Members of the Central Sanitary Board, (SenvencLe_) This is a request to reverse the May 17th Board decision to allow exceptions to the CAD policy in favor of installing the sewer in the El Toyonal, Alta Vista, Dos Osos, etc., streets of Orinda, California. 1) The decision is based on false assertions that septic systems in the area pose a threat to human health. • The April 5th meeting minutes quote several people, making claims that septic systems in the area are faulty. As an example, Russell Cohn is quoted as saying, "existing septic systems have been polluting the water supply downhill from this area and continue to pollute the environment with no abatement." This, and all similar assertions made by the CAD proponents are patently false. • The 2011 East Bay MUD Water Quality Report is attached for your consideration. This report indicates the water quality is consistently superb within and outside of the watershed in the proposed assessment district. EBMUD conducts weekly testing of raw water from the San Pablo reservoir. There has not a single biological contaminant found, including fecal coliforms, cryptosporidium, etc. • EBMUD's District Watershed Manager is Scott Hill, and is happy to discuss the matter further. 2) The decision was based upon a majority of community support • Attached is a list of all the homes and lots in the proposed CAD. I have personally interviewed 90% of resident homeowners and find there is a maximum of 3 committed participants, out of 29. (Attachment A). • Mr. Robert Cheasty is quoted in the April 5 Meeting Minutes as saying, "the city's building requirements would prohibit extensive development." This has been my experience as well, which means some percent of the supporting lot owners will be denied building permits. Therefore, they would have no use for the sewer and would likely withdraw their participation. • 1 moved to the area 25 years ago, when anti -sewer sentiment was both historic and prevalent, as it remains now. • If CCCSD forges ahead without community support, they would be building the 'Sewer to Nowhere' - an expensive piece of infrastructure. This project favors two non - resident lot owners, and two non - resident homeowners seeking to maximize profits on property sales, in a neighborhood they won't live it. Supporting them is not being community /customer focused. 3) The real threat to public health is deteriorating sewer pipes. • It is well documented the District faces challenges maintaining the existing infrastructure and elsewhere. Please note Attachment D, one of thousands of articles on the internet about aging sewer pipes that rupture, cause sinkholes and spew gallons of toxic waste over large areas. Noted is the District's North Orinda Phase 4, where a ruptured pipe is being addressed along Honey Hill Road in Orinda, showing CCCSD is not immune from these events. We respectfully suggest that repairing these areas is a far more prudent use of District limited resources. Conclusion The CAD opponents strongly urge the Sanitary District to reverse the May 17 exception to CAD policy for this proposed CAD. if a few developers want the sewer, they should pay for it. They can secure their own financing, rather than compel the District's rate payers to underwrite their development venture. We recommend using District funds to improve aging infrastructure, which benefits thousands of people, demonstrates CCCSDs customer focus, shows CCCSD respects local communities, and serves your mission to preserve the environment. Thank you for your kind consideration of the above. Sincerely, Louise Benvenue 25 Alta Vista Drive, Orinda CA 94563 510 - 495 -2506 (days) and 925 - 253 -1352 (evenings) ATTACHMENT A RESIDENT HOME OWNERS LOT OWNERS Address In favor of CAD exceptions NOTES no Shrieve no Wendi yes Sharifedeh - vacant NAMES VOL ,SUPPORT 1 maybe 1 1yes 1 1 yes 1 dyes 1 ino 7 Alta Vista Whitsett Lieber 8 Alta Vista 10 Alta Vista Cohn Anderson 18 Alta Vista no Cowles no Kjar no Bowen no lBenvenue 19 Alta Vista Henderson 23 Alta Vista Bowen 1 I no unknown 25 Alta Vista Wieber 1 1 28 Alta Vista no jOlmer Karam 1 unknown yes 42 Alta Vista no IDoval Marino 2 62 Alta Vista 67 Alta Vista 43 Dos Osos 49 Dos Osos no Callaham Lavin I 2 lyes no ICasiarc yes Lieber - vacant no Sgro no Henderson no Gregerson no Farrell Colangelo 1 unknown Freels 1 "unbuildable" JMM no no Ino no yes Wilcox 1 9 Los Norrabos Farrell 1 2 Camino del Monte Karp 1 42 Camino del Monte Rich I 4 49 Camino del Monte I no Voelker no Holmes no Malmberg no Leech no Leech no Leech maybe Kidd maybe - vacant no Tucker no Ruhland no Vincent yes Peischl no Rich Wander 2 6 Via San Inigo 22 8 Via San Inigo 10 El Rincon In Favor 9 16 El Rincon 21 El Rincon Max in Favor 13 244 El Toyonal 255 El Toyanal 259 El Toyonal 263 El Toyonal 300 El Toyonal 301 El Toyonal 77 Tres Mesas TOTAL 29 TOTAL 3 5 RESIDENT HOMES IN FAVOR MAX in FAVOR 6/7/2012 11:52 AM C: \Louise - Misc \Sewer \Resident Homeowners.xlsx vvater innha,trUcnu•e ivetworK http: win - water .org /news /O81106ai-ticle.shtml Aging Sewage Pipes Pollute Q Newswatch 1' Nation Legislative Activity i' By Nancy Trahan WIN Reports [' San Gabriel Valley Tribune ITS the pipes, stupid Still Living without th Water IN The UCLA and Stanford professors got part of it right: Many of the more popular Basics in the 21st '� Now beaches in Southern California are polluted with sewage as often as one out of every Century: An Analysis of Gaps in Clean 8 three days Infrastructure for the 2' Accessibility and her Much of it from storm drains full of untreated runoff Challenges for the New �i Dawn of Millennium ""' Replacer But missing from their analysis is another major source of coastal sewage pollution ALL DRIED UP How Reinvest Water In, the sewer pipes Clean Water is Threatened bv- Budget They are bursting all over California and the rest of the country as well. Every mayor Cuts local government in Southern California is under some kind of state or federal mandate to fix their aging, bursting sewer pipes. The city of Los Angeles agreed in 2004 to spend Million to upgrade one of the leakiest sewer systems in America, averaging one spill a day for decades. Same with San Diego and Orange County You name the city or county, and chances are the public officials most vociferous about the environment are often the ones most inattentive to the worst source of pollution in their waters. sewage It is a national problem. Over the last two years, dozens of places throughout America have had their worse sewage spill in decades, if not ever Just a few months ago it was Waikiki, Hawaii. Last month it was Spokane, Wash Before that it was Annapolis, Md., Raleigh, N.0 Boston. Key West, Fla., Wilmington, Del, Durham. N.C.; and on and on Last year there were 73,000 sewer spills in America, many caused by the same thing. Its the pipes, stupid! Major sewer spills are now so common that local officials often treat them with a kind of seasonal resignation, as if to say, "If its summer, it must be time for sewage " Yet let some hapless boater drop a quart of oil in the water by accident, and these same officials are threatening him with jail time for being an environmental outlaw. 1 ..f 2 4- di7(111 A•27 DKA Baler Infiastructure Network http:/ /win- water.org/news /081 106article.shtunl That just isn't going to work anymore, because the sewer pipe problem is getting worse. Most of the sewage pipes in America were installed 60 years ago in the great post -war building boom. They were meant to last for 50 years. Do the math. Read the clips. Sewer pipes are breaking at an unprecedented rate. Just a few days ago, the biggest news story in Dallas was about the search for a little boy who disappeared and may have fallen into a large sinkhole above a sewer pipe They are still looking for him. But we get the same holes and few seem to know where they come from. Every couple of weeks, the local and national news carry stories on sinkholes - much like the one in Dallas - that mysteriously appear, seemingly at random, swallowing cars, sidewalks and even homes. Only these sinkholes are not random: Its the pipes, stupid! Hare's why: When sewer pipes corrode, dirt falls in. Soon it is whisked away, much like an underground escalator Whether it is one grain a day, or several teaspoons a day, soon enough, the ground near the pipe - but below the surface - is gone. The next time it rains, voila, instant sinkhole, instant pipe break. And wa are often told the sinkhole caused the pipe break and sewage spill instead of the other way around. Mystery solved. The only question left is why we let so much of our sewage infrastructure rot away when we know people will get sick by the tens of thousands, when we know that sooner or later we will have to fix them, as the EPA demands. Some places figured it out. San Diego, for example, had some of the leakiest sewer systems and sickest surfers in America. With EPA sanctions looming, the city hired a company out of St. Louis that fixes sewer pipes from the inside - removing a favorite excuse for inaction, the disruption of traffic. This same company did the same thing beneath the White House. And, yes, when they are fixing pipes they do find alligators down there in the sewers. Pretty soon, the leaks were almost gone. The surfers were happy. But there are still a lot of pipes left to fix With apologies to Al Gore, broken sewer pipes are the most immediate and damaging threat to our environment - not rising temperatures at the North Pole. Its sewage on our beaches from leaky pipes. Right here in California. Right now Nancy Trahan is a freelance writer. She lives in Winchester. cinv»nl') n•11 DNA Request to Reverse CCCSD Board Decision to allow exceptions to the CAD policy in favor on istalling a sewer up El Toyonal, Alta Vista, Dos Osos, Camino del Monte, etc. area of Orinda CA OTHER COMMENTS — CONSIDERATIONS EBMUD: Scott Hill, District manager of East Bay MUD for the proposed CAD was contacted by telephone on June 5, 2012. He stated the impacts associated with development and hardscaping are of great concern to EBMUD. Further, he added the issue is complicated, and EBMUD does not have a clear -cut preference for sewer over septic systems. EBMUD has expressed concern that additional traffic on the single lane, winding, roads with several blind spots poses a measurable risk to all drivers. The decision to support the exceptions was in part based on the El Toyonal Orinda Hills area as being the same as Alhambra Valley, yet the two are remarkably dissimilar. Unlike Alhambra Valley, the area under consideration is hilly and prone to seismic activity and slides. In 1955, a heavy rainy season launched a mudslide that destroyed several homes and took one life. Subsequently, smaller landslides occurred. According to the most elderly and long term area residents, fault zones and soil instability were the basis for the 1970 Moratorium on Septic tanks. Large, excavated areas created for the placement of septic tanks or weighted with homes, have resulted in slumps, downhill damage, and lawsuits. (see Muth v. Urricelqui at http: / /www.lawlink.com /research /caseleve13 /44311.) 4, jlr. t. arm, 07' Prepared /'_►. E A S T B A Y MUNICIPAL UTILITY DISTRICT fir r'j tt Uz4m.Ke is 5 WATERSHED MANAGEMENT AREA DI CTIOI�A- ' Management Direction Water Quality SP.1 Collect data on water quality impacts of horse stables and other concen- trated animal facilities within the watershed. Coordinate with agencies and other responsible entities to develop, select, and implement BMPs. SP.2 Assess potential water quality and supply concerns at the PG &E substation. SP.3 Monitor the amount and quality of runoff after heavy rainfall from historic quarries near the east portal of the Caldecott Tunnel and the Gateway area. Biodiversity SPA Coordinate fire and fuels management activities with other agencies in the Caldecott Tunnel corridor to maintain the biological viability and integrity of the corridor for wildlife movement, especially for large mammals. SP.5 Continue annual monitoring of the population size and location of the Aleutian Canada goose in the Oursan Valley and San Pablo Reservoir in coordination with the USFWS. Continue the current grazing management regime in the areas of the upper Oursan Valley utilized by the Aleutian Canada goose. Continue to prohibit public access, including trails (except for valid scientific research), in the Oursan Valley to ensure the long -term protection of the Aleutian Canada goose. SP.6 In cooperation with universities and other agencies, evaluate adequacy of oak regeneration in oak woodland habitats and identify those factors that limit oak regeneration; initiate restoration if necessary and financially feasible. Fire and Fuels SP.7 Explore the possibilities of entering into a CRMP for roadside vegetation management activities within the San Pablo Reservoir watershed. Consider water quality and other resource protection measures during the planning process. Other participants (and suggested roles) include: ■ EBRPD and Richmond Fire Department (San Pablo Dam Road/ Kennedy Grove area), ■ Moraga -Orinda Fire Protection District (enforcement and leadership role), and Watershed Management Area Direction —San Pablo Reservoir 95 Section 4 WATERSHED MANAGEMENT AREA DIRECTION • treatment by Caltrans of the fuels within 50 feet on both sides of Highway 24, • treatment by Caltrans or appropriate landowners of the fuels immedi- ately over the east tunnel opening, and roadside fuels 30 feet on each side of Old Tunnel Road, and • continuation of the 30 -foot road treatment along each side of the road connecting Old Tunnel Road to Skyline Boulevard. Roadside fuel treatment should involve a combination of goat grazing, hand pruning and thinning of vegetation, and roadside mechanical brushing. The rest of the open space area can be left in its natural state. SP. 15 Work with responsible agencies to implement strategic closure of Fish Ranch Road, Wildcat Canyon Road, Upper Grizzly Peak Boulevard, and Lomas Cantadas Road during extreme fire weather. SP. 16 Evaluate opportunities to reduce fire ignitions and risks by partially or com- pletely closing portions of the watershed to public use during very high to extreme fire weather conditions. SP. 17 Prohibit public access on the east side of San Pablo Reservoir beyond the shoreline fishing boundary to reduce the likelihood of accidental wildfire ignition. Developed Recreation and Trails SP. 18 Maintain shoreline fishing control at the San Pablo Reservoir recreation area to reduce trespass in restricted shoreline areas. Control measures include posting signs and installing barriers to clearly delineate the appro- priate area available for shoreline fishing. Consider measures to stabilize and revegetate eroded areas. SP. 19 Locate picnic areas away from steep shorelines in wooded settings. Plan the circulation in picnic areas carefully to provide relatively direct access to destination points (e.g., fishing docks and cleaning facilities, restrooms, and open -play meadows). Locate in cnic pads away from shoreline to discourage uncontrolled traffic down steep shoreline embankments. SP.20 Maintain and enforce a 25 -mph boat wake zone and a 5 -mph no -wake zone currently designated at San Pablo Reservoir. SP.21 Modify concessionaire contracts as needed to correct practices that may be inconsistent with the District's water quality and natural resource protection goals. Watershed Management Area Direction —San Pablo Reservoir 97 Section 5 MANAGEMENT DIRECTION FOR INTERJURISDICTIONAL COORDINATION Introduction Some land uses in the areas that surround District -owned East Bay water- shed lands can have substantial adverse impacts on District water quality and watershed management. Development and use of these adjacent lands require special management consideration because the jurisdictions involved have differing land use goals and objectives. In addition, allowable uses of District -owned water- shed lands are influenced by the local land use policies of jurisdictions whose planning boundaries coincide with District ownership. District watershed lands are located primarily in unincorporated portions of Alameda and Contra Costa Coun- ties. Small portions are located within the Cities of Orinda, Lafayette, and Oakland and adjoin the incorporated Cities of Hercules, Lafayette, Moraga, Oakland, Orinda, Pinole, Richmond, and San Leandro and the unincorporated communities of Castro Valley and El Sobrante. In addition, substantial portions of District land are bor- dered by EBRPD lands (Figures 5 -1 and 5 -2). Each of the eight incorporated cities and both counties set their local land use and development policies through the general plan process. County land use and development policies apply to unincorporated areas, just as city policies apply to incorporated areas. In addition to these local jurisdictions, regional agencies can also affect management of District lands. The California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) and the Metropolitan Transportation Commission enact the plans and policies of the state and federal governments. The Regional Water Quality Control Board, the Bay Area Air Quality Management District, and CDF set policy for fire management throughout the state. EBRPD also has numerous parklands that adjoin the District's watershed lands. Because EBRPD is the largest adjacent landowner, its actions can have a substantial effect on management of District watershed lands. The history of cooperation and coordination between the District and EBRPD has been important in addressing issues of concern. Major Management Issues Management direction for lands adjacent to District -owned watershed lands recognizes that some of these areas are within the hydrologic basins of District reservoirs and drain into them and that others do not. Issues related to the use and development of adjacent lands extend well beyond land use, but these issues can be addressed nonetheless through a land use and management coordination program involving the District and the various agencies responsible for adjacent jurisdic- tions. The major management issues resulting from the use and development of adjacent lands are the following: Section 5 MANAGEMENT DIRECTION FOR INTERJURISDICTIONAL COORDINATION El Toyonal Interface. A portion of the City of Orinda extends into the area generally between El Toyonal Road (to the north) and the District's deLaveaga Fire Road (to the south). This area is developed with residential uses and has minimal new residential development. Access to this area is very limited because of a road closure at the north end of El Toyonal Road. Land configuration, limited access, narrow roadway, vegetative cover, and fire risks associated with this area and with urban development in general make management of this area extremely important. In addition, the general plan designates a proposed collector street in this area to connect El Toyonal Road to Wagner Ranch School. This proposed collector street has not yet been constructed and its location is not defined, but it appears to bisect a District -owned parcel. Construction of the proposed collector street has serious implications for managing the District -owned property, and the acquisition will be strongly opposed. California Shakespeare Festival Facility. The California Shakespeare Festival leases a portion of the District's watershed lands in Siesta Valley (north of the Gateway Boulevard interchange on Highway 24) as a site for the California Shakespeare Festival and Bruns Amphitheatre. This permanent facility is currently used for performances primarily during the summer months. Management activities required under the lease address wildfire ignition and public encroachment onto adjacent District watershed lands. Gateway Property. The District -owned Gateway property is located south of Highway 24 at the Gateway Boulevard interchange and is within the San Pablo Reservoir basin. This property has and continues to be associated with the City of Orinda's infrastructure and residential development plans for the area directly to the south. The Gateway property also is contiguous with the Caldecott Tunnel corridor, an undeveloped strip of land that serves as a critical avenue for wildlife movement between large, publicly owned open space areas north and south of Highway 24. The Caldecott Tunnel corridor and environs also form an important visual backdrop for the considerable number of people traveling west toward the Caldecott Tunnel on Highway 24, and they provide motorists a dramatic last view of the eastern slopes of the Oakland Hills before they enter the tunnel. Any proposals submitted to the District for use of the Gateway property should be reviewed carefully. This review should comprehensively address potential effects on water quality, the functioning of this area as it relates to the Caldecott Tunnel corridor, and urban/wildland interface issues (e.g., fire and fuels management). Any potential future fire mitigation must be borne by the Gateway developer. Orinda's general plan seeks to preserve the semirural character of the city by keeping development densi- ties low, limiting develop- ment on highly visible, undeveloped ridges and hillsides; and protecting the open space north and west of the city. 117 Section 5 MANAGEMENT DIRECTION FOR INTERJURISDICTIONAL COORDINATION Moraga M.1 Coordinate with the City of Moraga on the planning and development of the Larch Avenue area to limit water quality effects, risk of wildfire, and degradation of views on the Upper San Leandro Reservoir watershed. M.2 Coordinate with nonpoint- source control programs to address water quality concerns. Orinda OR.1 Coordinate with City of Orinda staff on planning and development within the El Toyonal interface to limit the effects of development on water quality, fire and fuels management, public encroachment, degradation of views, and street extensions and to improve public access and egress and emergency access to this area. Support a coordinated county- and city - sponsored process to provide important transportation improvements in this area. OR.2 Review proposals for use of the Gateway parcel, parcels adjacent to the Gateway parcel, and Bear Creek parcel based on the District's master plan priorities, and deny or discourage proposals that are not consistent with these guidelines. OR.3 Coordinate with the City of Orinda, EBRPD, and other agencies on use of the Caldecott Tunnel land bridge to encourage preservation of its function as an important wildlife corridor. ORA Coordinate with the City of Orinda to ensure that District priorities regard- ing water quality and fire and fuels management are considered in plans for development of the Castlegate area. OR.5 Coordinate with the City of Orinda on the planning and development of ridgeline land uses in the Black Hills and to limit the risk of water quality effects, wildfire hazards, and visual resource degradation in the Briones Reservoir watershed. OR.6 Coordinate with nonpoint - source control programs to address water quality concerns. .19 129 EAST BAY MUNICIPAL UTILITY DISTRICT 2011 ANNUAL WATER QUALITY REPORT In 2011, EBMUD water met or surpassed every public health requirement set by the California Department of Public Health and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. PROTECTED SOURCE Ninety percent of EBMUD's water comes from the 577 - square mile watershed of the Mokelumne River on the western slope of the Sierra Nevada. This area is mostly national forest, EBMUD -owned lands and other undeveloped lands little affected by human activity. The Mokelumne watershed collects snowmelt from Alpine, Amador and Calaveras counties. The snowmelt flows into Pardee Reservoir near the town of Valley Springs. Three large aqueducts carry water more than 90 miles from Pardee Reservoir to the East Bay and protect it from pesticides, agricultural and urban runoff, municipal sewage and industrial discharges. When water demand is high or during times of operational need, EBMUD also draws water from protected local watersheds. FOCUS ON WATER QUALITY Regardless of source, all raw water is treated and filtered at one of EBMUD's water treatment plants before entering the East Bay's distribution system and reaching your tap. EBMUD takes many steps to ensure water quality including managing watershed lands and reservoirs, treating the water, operating a complex distribution system, maintaining facilities and addressing customer concerns. In laboratories and in the field, EBMUD samples and tests your water extensively to make sure it is safe to drink. We look for more than 100 substances in the water including microorganisms, pesticides, herbicides, asbestos, lead, copper, petroleum products and by- products of industrial and water treatment processes. More than 20,000 annual laboratory tests ensure the safety of your drinking water. 46-13 EBMUD SURPASSING REGULATIONS Constituents with primary MCLs In 2011, EBMUD water met or surpassed ° Cryptosporidium in source water # /liter 2008 TT every public health requirement set o Total Coliform — 2011 5% by the California Department of Public Turbidity NTU 2011 95 %150.3 Health and the U.S. Environmental > Gross alpha in source water' pCi /L 2006, 2007 15 Protection Agency. o Gross beta in source water pCi /L 2006,2007 50b Uranium in source water a pCi /L 2006, 2007 20 The five tables show the measured levels of constituents detected in 2011 or in the most recent required year at Aluminum ppb 2011 1000 EBMUD source waters, water treatment plants or in the o, Chloramine as CIZ ppm 2011 [41 distribution system. 5 Fluoride in source water ppm 2011 2 Table 1 – Health - Related Standards Acrylamide — 2011 TT Constituents with primary maximum contaminant levels W Control of DBP precursors/TOC — 2011 TT (MCLs) are regulated to protect your health. a, 0 Haloacetic acids, 5 species ppb 2011 60 Table 2 – Aesthetic Standards Trihalomethanes ppb 2011 80 Constituents with secondary maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) are regulated to maintain aesthetic standards for drinking water, such as odor, taste and appearance. Year 2Constituents with secondary MCLs sampled Table 3 – Unregulated constituents Aluminum ppb 2011 200 Water agencies are required to report these substances if Chloride ppm 2011 250 detected, but no maximum contaminant levels have been established. Color color units 2011 15 Foaming agents (MBAS) ppb 2011 500 Table 4 -Lead and copper Lead and copper are regulated at the customer's tap and Odor TON 2011 3 were most recently sampled in 2011 as required. Specific conductance NS/cm 2011 900 Table 5 – Other water quality parameters Sulfate ppm 2011 250 These water measurements, such as pH, hardness and Total dissolved solids ppm 2011 500 alkalinity, may be of interest to some consumers. Turbidity NTU 2011 5 KEY TERMS DBP - Disinfection by- products. These are formed when chlorine and /or ozone i =1: Year • • constituents I sampled reacts with natural constituents in water. Trihalomethanes (THMs), haloacetic acids (HAAS) and bromate are disinfection by- products. Boron ppb 2011 1000 MCL - Maximum contaminant level. The highest level of a contaminant that is Chlorate ppb 2011 800 allowed in drinking water. Primary MCLs are set as close to the PHGs or MCLGs as is economically and technologically feasible. Secondary MCLs N- Nitrosodimethylamine f (NDMA) ppt 2011 10 are set to protect odor, taste and appearance of drinking water. MCLG - Maximum contaminant level goal. The level of a contaminant in • • drinking water below which there is no known or expected risk to health. 4 , • • copper MCLGs are set by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. • • • MRDL - Maximum residual disinfectant level. The highest level of a disinfectant Copper ppb 2011 1300 allowed in drinking water. There is convincing evidence that addition of a disinfectant is necessary for control of microbial contaminants. Lead 9 ppb 2011 15 MRDLG - Maximum residual disinfectant level goal. The level of a drinking water disinfectant below which there is no known or expected risk to health. MRDLGs do not reflect the benefits of the use of disinfectants to Regulatory action level - The concentration which, if exceeded, triggers treatment control microbial contaminants. or other requirements that a water system must follow. Notification level - A health -based advisory level established by the California TOC -Total organic carbon. A measure of organic compounds that could form Department of Public Health for chemicals in drinking water that lack MCLs. by- products after disinfection. Primary drinking water standard -These standards regulate contaminants that Turbidity- A measure of the cloudiness of water. Turbidity is monitored because it is affect health by setting MCLs and MRDLs along with their monitoring, reporting a good indication of the effectiveness of our filtration systems. and water treatment requirements. TT - Treatment technique. A required process intended to reduce the level of a PHG - Public health goal. The level of a contaminant in drinking water below which there contaminant in drinking water. is no known or expected risk to health. Public health goals are set by the California 90th percentile - A measure that indicates 90 percent of the samples had a Environmental Protection Agency. lower result. :r : Upper Typical sources , • .. • • . r • • (0) NA 0 0 0 0.3 0 Naturally present in the environment (0) NA zero detections found in more than 4,500 samples from the distribution system Naturally present in the environment NS 0.03 0.02 -0.10 0.02 -0.09 0.02 -0.10 0.02 -0.10 0.03 -0.10 NS 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% Soil runoff (0) <3 <3 <3 <3 <3 -11 <3 Erosion of natural deposits (0) <4 <4 <4 <4 <4 - 9 <4 Decay of natural and man -made deposits 0.43 NA <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 Erosion of natural deposits 600 <50 <50 <50 <50 <50 - 83 <50 - 57 Erosion of natural deposits; water treatment residue [4) 1.9 ` <0.05 - 3A' Drinking water disinfectant added for treatment 1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 0.16 Erosion of natural deposits' (0) NA met req. NA NA NA NA Added to water during water treatment NS NA NA NA NA met req. met req. Various natural and man -made sources NS 25 ` 14-34 17-35 16-22 26-40 16-41 By- product of drinking water disinfection NS 44c 37-60 35-49 39-48 42-53 28-70 By- product of drinking water disinfection ® .• Aalnut Creek Lafayette plants CrIncla Upper San Typical sources __5P_"r nte Leandro NS <50 <50 <50 <SO <50 - 83 <50 - 57 Erosion of natural deposits; water treatment residue NS 9 3 4 4-6 15 16 Runoff /leaching from natural deposits NS 1 2 <1 2 <1 2 Naturally - occuring organic materials NS <50 <50 <50 <50 -140 <50 <50 Municipal and industrial waste discharges NS 2 2 2 2 1 1 Naturally - occuring organic materials NS 177 42 45 73-116 321 382 Substances that form ions when in water NS 16 0.6 0.6 3.7-10 33 38 Runoff /leaching from natural deposits NS 106 33 29 53-67 170 240 Runoff /leaching from natural deposits NS 0.03 0.02-0.10 0.02-0.09 0.02-0.10 0.02-0.10 0.03-0.10 Soil runoff ®• Water treatment plants Upper ..l •..r Leandro,_ NS <100 <100 <100 <100 <100 116 Runoff /leaching from natural deposits NS 143 120 98 79-170 100-210 140-270 By- product of sodium hypochlorite decomposition 3 2 <1 -7 1 - 3 1 - 4 2-3 <1 -6 By -product of drinking water chlorination ® '• • Sites level i Typical sources action 300 66 0 out of 51 Internal corrosion of household plumbing systems; erosion of natural deposits; leaching from wood preservatives 0.2 7 3 out of 51 Internal corrosion of household plumbing systems; erosion of natural deposits FOOTNOTES a) Uranium was detected at 1.1 pCi /L and gross alpha was detected at 4.6 pCi /L in Chabot Reservoir. This is an emergency standby reservoir that has not been used for water supply in more than 30 years. b) CDPH considers 50 pCi /L to be the level of concern for gross beta particles. c) Highest running annual average. d) Chloramine residuals in the distribution system are measured as an equivalent quantity of chlorine. When the chloramine residual cannot be detected, the sample is further analyzed to ensure that microbiological water quality is in compliance with the regulations. e) Fluoride is also added to help prevent dental decay in consumers. Current regulations require that fluoride levels in the treated water be maintained between 0.7 to 1.4 ppm with an optimum dose of 0.8 ppm. Information about fluoridation, oral health and current issues is available from www.cdph .ca.gov /certlic /drinkingwater /pages /fluoridation.aspx. f) Sampling locations are chosen to represent worst -case scenarios. g) See Water Quality Regulations page for additional information about lead in drinking water. h) Grains per gallon (gpg) is a measure of water hardness. Knowing the amount can help improve the function of dishwashers, cooling equipment and other industrial processes.